What is the scientific study of the nervous system?

The scientific study of the nervous system is comprehensively described as neuroscience. Neuroscience encompasses various disciplines that explore the structure, function, and development of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. It investigates how these components interact to influence behavior, cognition, and bodily functions.

While psychology focuses on behavior and mental processes, and neurology is a medical field concerning the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders, neuroscience integrates these approaches with a broader focus on the biological systems underlying the nervous system's complexities. Physiology, on the other hand, studies the functions of living organisms and their parts, not specifically limited to the nervous system. Therefore, neuroscience is the term that best represents the scientific study of the nervous system.