What is the primary function of a base coat in nail application?

The primary function of a base coat in nail application is to protect the nail plate and enhance the adherence of polish. When applied before the color polish, the base coat creates a smooth surface that allows the subsequent layers of polish to adhere better, preventing chipping and extending the longevity of the manicure. Additionally, it acts as a barrier between the natural nail and the colored polish, which helps to prevent staining from pigmented polishes. This protective layer is essential for maintaining the health of the nail while ensuring that the color applies evenly and lasts longer.

In contrast, options that suggest adding color and shine, creating a textured effect, or assisting with quick drying do not accurately describe the primary role of a base coat. A base coat is specifically formulated to serve these protective and adhesive functions rather than to serve as a color layer, texture enhancer, or drying agent.